Characterize the architectural operations of SIMD and MIMD computers. Distinguish between Multiprocessors and Multicomputers based on their structures, resource sharing, and interprocessor communications. Also, explain the differences amongUMA, NUMA, COMA and NORMA computers.
Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) means that all parallel units share the same instruction, but they carry it out on different data elements. The idea is that you can, say, add the arrays [1,2,3,4] and [5,6,7,8] element-wise to obtain the array [6,8,10,12] in one big whoop: for this, there have to be four arithmetic units at work, but they can all share the same instruction (here, "add"), and work by all performing the same actions in tight, lock-step synchronicity. This usually means putting multiple data-manipulation thingies inside the same processing core as one instruction decoder, for the sake of the tight timekeeping.
Multiple Instruction Multiple Data (MIMD) means that parallel units have separate instructions, so each of them can do something different at any given time; one may be adding, another multiplying, yet another evaluating a branch condition, and so on. This is the sort of parallelism you get with threads, which basically let programs dispatch an entire function call to run on a different processor. This means involving multiple fully-featured, independent processing cores, whether they are on the same chip (multi-core), different ones (multi-processor), or a mixture of the two.
Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) means that all parallel units share the same instruction, but they carry it out on different data elements. The idea is that you can, say, add the arrays [1,2,3,4] and [5,6,7,8] element-wise to obtain the array [6,8,10,12] in one big whoop: for this, there have to be four arithmetic units at work, but they can all share the same instruction (here, "add"), and work by all performing the same actions in tight, lock-step synchronicity. This usually means putting multiple data-manipulation thingies inside the same processing core as one instruction decoder, for the sake of the tight timekeeping.
Multiple Instruction Multiple Data (MIMD) means that parallel units have separate instructions, so each of them can do something different at any given time; one may be adding, another multiplying, yet another evaluating a branch condition, and so on. This is the sort of parallelism you get with threads, which basically let programs dispatch an entire function call to run on a different processor. This means involving multiple fully-featured, independent processing cores, whether they are on the same chip (multi-core), different ones (multi-processor), or a mixture of the two.
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