(b) Explain followings in context of java, with the help of examples.(i) Class and objects (ii) Abstraction and encapsulation (iii) Application program and applet program

 

• Class and object

A class is a blueprint that describes characteristics and functions of entity.. For example, the class Dog would consist of traits shared by all dogs. A class is collection of the properties and methods are called members. Object is an instance of class.

Data abstraction: – it is a process that provides only essential features by hiding its background details. A data abstraction is a simple view of an object that includes required features and hides the unnecessary details.

•  Data abstraction & Data encapsulation –

it is a process that provides only essential features by hiding its background details. A data abstraction is a simple view of an object that includes required features and hides the unnecessary details. it is a mechanism of bundling the data, and the functions that use them and data abstraction is a mechanism of exposing only the interfaces and hiding the implementation details from the user.

• Applet vs Application program

Java Application:

• A java application is a stand-alone program. This means it can be run by itself.
• It cannot access from web browser.
• It is run by JVM.
• It can access on local machine on which program is reside.

Applet

• Applet cannot run as independent program.
• Applet program can run from within a web browser or similar java enabled application such as an applet viewer
• Java applets are included in HTML pages using <applet> tag.
• Applet communicates with server only.
• Applets are not allowed to read or write to files on the local system.